前沿拓展：

2020年1月，一年一度的春運(yùn)大幕開啟，中美簽署第一階段經(jīng)貿(mào)協(xié)議，習(xí)近平主席出訪緬甸，續(xù)寫千年胞波情誼的嶄新篇章，教育部推出“強(qiáng)基計(jì)劃”，長(zhǎng)江流域分階段禁漁開始實(shí)施，武漢等城市出現(xiàn)新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎，美國(guó)取消對(duì)中國(guó)“匯率操縱國(guó)”的認(rèn)定，國(guó)務(wù)院發(fā)布新版限塑令。

只爭(zhēng)朝夕，不負(fù)韶華 seize the day and live it to the fullest

President Xi Jinping on Tuesday delivered a New Year speech in Beijing to ring in 2020, pledging to achieve the first centenary goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects in the "milestone" year.新年前夕，國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平發(fā)表了2020年新年賀詞。賀詞指出，2020年是具有里程碑意義的一年。我們將全面建成小康社會(huì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)第一個(gè)百年奮斗目標(biāo)。

【重要講話】

2020年也是脫貧攻堅(jiān)決戰(zhàn)決勝之年。沖鋒號(hào)已經(jīng)吹響。我們要萬(wàn)眾一心加油干，越是艱險(xiǎn)越向前，把短板補(bǔ)得再扎實(shí)一些，把基礎(chǔ)打得再牢靠一些，堅(jiān)決打贏脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)，如期實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下農(nóng)村貧困人口全部脫貧、貧困縣全部摘帽。

2020 will also be a year of decisive victory for the elimination of poverty. The bugle has sounded. United as one, we shall work harder. The greater the difficulties are, the further we advance, strengthening our weak links even more and laying a more solid foundation to win the hard battle against poverty with determination, to lift all impoverished rural residents and counties out of poverty by current standards as scheduled.

——2019年12月31日，習(xí)近平發(fā)表2020年新年賀詞

讓我們只爭(zhēng)朝夕，不負(fù)韶華，共同迎接2020年的到來(lái)。

Let's seize the day and live it to the fullest, and greet the arrival of the year 2020 together.

——2019年12月31日，習(xí)近平發(fā)表2020年新年賀詞

長(zhǎng)江禁漁 fishing ban in the Yangtze River basin

Starting from this year, the fishing ban will be observed in 332 conservation areas in the Yangtze River basin, which will also be expanded to all natural waterways of the river and its major tributaries from no later than Jan 1, 2021.2020年起，長(zhǎng)江流域332個(gè)保護(hù)區(qū)全面禁止生產(chǎn)性捕撈；最遲自2021年1月1日零時(shí)起，禁漁范圍將擴(kuò)大至所有長(zhǎng)江干流和重要支流天然水域。

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】

在水文學(xué)上，支流（tributary）指匯入另一條河流（或其他水體）而不直接入海的河流。支流所匯入的河流稱為干流或主流（mainstream），兩河或多河交匯之處稱為合流或合流處（confluence）。與支流相反的情況稱為分流（distributary）。

長(zhǎng)江干流（the Yangtze River mainstream）是指青海省曲麻萊縣以下至長(zhǎng)江河口的長(zhǎng)江干流江段；重要支流（major tributaries）是指岷江、沱江、赤水河、嘉陵江、烏江、漢江等重要通江河流在甘肅、陜西、云南、貴州、四川、重慶、湖北境內(nèi)的干流江段，大渡河在青海和四川境內(nèi)的干流河段，以及各省份確定的其他重要支流。

Fishing will also be prohibited on natural waterways of large lakes connected to the Yangtze such as the Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake for 10 years starting from no later than Jan 1, 2021.

對(duì)鄱陽(yáng)湖、洞庭湖等大型通江湖泊天然水域，最遲自2021年1月1日零時(shí)起實(shí)行暫定為期10年的常年禁捕。

禁捕是有效緩解長(zhǎng)江生物資源衰退和生物多樣性下降危機(jī)的關(guān)鍵之舉。

The Yangtze River has long been suffering from human activities such as overfishing, pollution and damming.長(zhǎng)江長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)受攔河筑壩、水域污染、過(guò)度捕撈等人類活動(dòng)的影響。

Biological deterioration has reduced fishing activities along the Yangtze as well, which now only produces 0.32 percent of China's total freshwater aquatic products. In recent years, annual catch from the Yangtze has fallen to less than 100,000 tonnes from more than 420,000 tonnes in the 1950s.生態(tài)破壞也使得漁業(yè)生產(chǎn)受到嚴(yán)重影響。20世紀(jì)50年代，年長(zhǎng)江流域天然捕撈量超過(guò)42萬(wàn)噸，近年來(lái)長(zhǎng)江每年的捕撈量也不足10萬(wàn)噸，約占全國(guó)淡水水產(chǎn)品總量的0.32%。

多方合力保障28萬(wàn)漁民生計(jì)

The 10-year ban is estimated to affect more than 113,000 fishing boats and nearly 280,000 fishermen in 10 provincial regions along the river. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has promised to provide social security services, financial support and vocational trainings for fishermen who have to find new ways of living.根據(jù)測(cè)算，長(zhǎng)江流域重點(diǎn)水域禁捕共涉及沿江10個(gè)省市的合法持證漁船11.3萬(wàn)多艘、漁民近28萬(wàn)人。農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部承諾統(tǒng)籌協(xié)調(diào)落實(shí)退捕漁民過(guò)渡期生活補(bǔ)助、社會(huì)保障、職業(yè)技能培訓(xùn)等政策。

禁捕后仍要做大量工作以確保生態(tài)修復(fù)

Efforts will also be made to protect rare species and enhance monitoring over aquatic life in the Yangtze, and to improve protection and management strategies in accordance with biological resource restoration progress.針對(duì)珍稀物種采取保護(hù)措施；構(gòu)建長(zhǎng)江水生生物調(diào)查監(jiān)測(cè)平臺(tái)；根據(jù)漁業(yè)資源恢復(fù)情況，改進(jìn)保護(hù)管理政策。

校園貸 campus loans

College students who fall into debt as a result of using peer-to-peer lending platforms cannot be included in a list of dishonest debtors, China's top court said on Thursday.最高法1月2日表示，在校大學(xué)生因?yàn)槭褂镁W(wǎng)貸平臺(tái)而欠債的不應(yīng)被列為失信被執(zhí)行人。

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】

校園貸（campus loans）始于2014年，到2015年迎來(lái)爆發(fā)式增長(zhǎng)，但因隨后爆發(fā)的“裸貸（loans secured against nude photos）、收費(fèi)混亂（illegal charges）、暴力催收（forcible debt collection）”等負(fù)面事件備受輿論質(zhì)疑。2017年，銀監(jiān)會(huì)、教育部、人社部、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融委員會(huì)等發(fā)布通知，禁止違規(guī)機(jī)構(gòu)向大學(xué)生提供校園貸服務(wù)。

失信被執(zhí)行人（defaulter），是指被執(zhí)行人具有履行能力而不履行生效法律文書確定的義務(wù)，俗稱“老賴”。最高人民法院先后于2013年建立了網(wǎng)上的“老賴”黑名單系統(tǒng)（online blacklist of defaulters）。

The blacklist publishes personal details, including names and identity card numbers, of inpiduals and legal representatives of companies who refused to comply with court orders to shame them into compliance.該黑名單對(duì)失信被執(zhí)行人（個(gè)人及公司法人）的姓名、身份證號(hào)等信息進(jìn)行公示，希望以此方式使他們執(zhí)行法院判決。

2014年底，最高法正式開通“總對(duì)總”網(wǎng)絡(luò)查控系統(tǒng)（information monitoring network），與銀行以及公安部、交通部、工商總局、人民銀行等單位實(shí)現(xiàn)聯(lián)網(wǎng)，可以查詢到被執(zhí)行人全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)的存款、車輛、證券、網(wǎng)絡(luò)資金等14類16項(xiàng)信息，并對(duì)被執(zhí)行人進(jìn)行消費(fèi)限制。

此次最高法發(fā)布的意見明確，全日制在校生因“校園貸”糾紛成為被執(zhí)行人的，一般不得對(duì)其采取納入失信名單或限制消費(fèi)措施。

北京京師律師事務(wù)所的律師許浩表示，

Some students are still shouldering an economic and credit burden in debt disputes, even though our country prohibited online platforms from lending money to students three years ago. Students, as the debtors, still need to repay the debts in line with court rulings and valid contracts.雖然我們國(guó)家3年前就禁止網(wǎng)貸平臺(tái)提供校園貸了，但是部分學(xué)生依然承擔(dān)著債務(wù)糾紛導(dǎo)致的經(jīng)濟(jì)和信用負(fù)擔(dān)。學(xué)生作為債務(wù)人仍然需要按照法庭判決和有效合同償還債務(wù)。

Given that many students have little savings and the borrowing records will influence their future, such as in employment, further studies, or bank loans, the top court's decision on removing them from the dishonest list, I think, is timely, humane and necessary.鑒于學(xué)生沒有什么儲(chǔ)蓄，而這種借款記錄可能會(huì)對(duì)他們未來(lái)的就業(yè)、深造以及銀行貸款申請(qǐng)產(chǎn)生影響，最高法決定不將學(xué)生列入失信名單的決定很及時(shí)，人性化，也很必要。

最高法還規(guī)定了幾類解除或暫時(shí)解除限制消費(fèi)措施的情形。

The guideline permits courts to temporarily lift travel restrictions when defaulters have to take a train or fly home for medical treatment or when family members fall ill or die.對(duì)被限制消費(fèi)的個(gè)人，因其本人患病或近親屬患病或死亡等情形，人民法院應(yīng)當(dāng)暫時(shí)解除限制其乘坐飛機(jī)、高鐵措施。

地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值統(tǒng)一核算 unified regional calculation of gross domestic product

China will introduce unified regional calculation of gross domestic product (GDP) to enhance the accuracy of the results, the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) said Sunday.國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局1月5日表示，我國(guó)將實(shí)施地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值統(tǒng)一核算，以提升核算結(jié)果的精確性。

The new accounting system will take effect while calculating the annual regional GDP of 2019, said Ning Jizhe, head of the NBS.國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局局長(zhǎng)寧吉喆說(shuō)，統(tǒng)一核算改革將從2019年年度地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值核算開始。

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】

國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值（Gross Domestic Product，簡(jiǎn)稱GDP）是指在一定時(shí)期內(nèi)（一個(gè)季度或一年），一個(gè)國(guó)家或地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)中所生產(chǎn)出的全部最終產(chǎn)品和勞務(wù)的價(jià)值（the market value of all the final goods and services produced in a specific time period），常被公認(rèn)為衡量國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況的最佳指標(biāo)。

自1985年我國(guó)建立生產(chǎn)總值核算制度以來(lái)，一直采取分級(jí)核算制度（separate accounting system），即國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局核算國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值（overall GDP calculation），各省區(qū)市統(tǒng)計(jì)局核算本地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值。

改革后，地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值將由各省區(qū)市統(tǒng)計(jì)局負(fù)責(zé)核算改革為國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局統(tǒng)一組織、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和實(shí)施（lead the unified accounting of regional GDP by conducting unified accounting procedures），各省區(qū)市統(tǒng)計(jì)局共同參與核算。改革后，各地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值數(shù)據(jù)將由國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局統(tǒng)一部署公布或授權(quán)各地區(qū)統(tǒng)計(jì)局公布本地區(qū)數(shù)據(jù)。

拖欠工資 wage arrears

國(guó)務(wù)院總理李克強(qiáng)日前簽署國(guó)務(wù)院令，公布《保障農(nóng)民工工資支付條例》（以下簡(jiǎn)稱《條例》），自2020年5月1日起施行。

To ensure that rural migrant workers get their wages on time and in full, the regulation has clauses on clarifying the responsibilities of employers and related government departments, detailing rules for special areas and strengthening supervision.為了保障農(nóng)民工按時(shí)足額獲得工資，《條例》從明確用人單位以及相關(guān)政府部門的職責(zé)，細(xì)化重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域治理措施，以及強(qiáng)化監(jiān)管手段等方面做出了明確規(guī)定。

【詞匯講解】

“拖欠工資”可以用名詞短語(yǔ)wage arrears表示，arrear讀作[?'r??]，表示“欠款”，比如，某人已經(jīng)欠了6個(gè)月的房租就可以說(shuō)：someone is six weeks in arrear with his rent. 此外，“欠薪”還可以用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)withhold salary或者delay salary來(lái)表示。發(fā)工資的時(shí)候，有些單位還會(huì)出現(xiàn)無(wú)理克扣工資（unreasonable deductions from paychecks）的現(xiàn)象，更不用說(shuō)保證發(fā)放加班費(fèi)（overtime pay）了。

“討薪”可以用demand unpaid salary來(lái)表示，如果討薪成功，單位“補(bǔ)發(fā)工資”就可以用pay backdated salary表示。這里的backdated就是表示某個(gè)政策或舉措從之前較早的時(shí)間開始計(jì)算。比如，6月份發(fā)出漲工資的決定，但是從1月開始算的，所以會(huì)從1月開始補(bǔ)發(fā)。這種情況就可以說(shuō)：The increase in pay agreed in June will be backdated to January.

The regulation said wages for rural migrant workers should be paid with bank transfers or cash, not in other forms such as physical goods or securities.

《條例》明確以銀行轉(zhuǎn)賬或者現(xiàn)金形式支付農(nóng)民工工資，不得以實(shí)物或者有價(jià)證券等其他形式替代。

Government-funded projects must be given sufficient funding and should not be funded in advance by contractors, and government officials in regions with serious wage arrears will be punished.《條例》規(guī)定政府投資項(xiàng)目所需資金必須落實(shí)到位，不得由施工單位墊資建設(shè)，對(duì)拖欠農(nóng)民工工資的地方部門負(fù)責(zé)人，情節(jié)嚴(yán)重的給予處分。

The regulation also ordered government departments to beef up regulation, including setting up credit archives for employers and formulating a unified punishment system for those who default on migrant workers' wages.《條例》要求政府部門強(qiáng)化監(jiān)管，建立用人單位勞動(dòng)保障守法誠(chéng)信檔案和拖欠農(nóng)民工工資失信聯(lián)合懲戒制度。

黨的先進(jìn)性和純潔性 the Party's advanced nature and purity

Xi Jinping, general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, on Wednesday called for continued efforts to ensure that the whole Party remains true to its original aspiration and keeps its mission firmly in mind. Xi, also Chinese president and chairman of the Central Military Commission, made the remarks at a meeting summarizing a campaign themed "staying true to our founding mission."“不忘初心、牢記使命”主題教育總結(jié)大會(huì)1月8日召開。中共中央總書記、國(guó)家主席、中央軍委主席習(xí)近平出席會(huì)議并發(fā)表重要講話。習(xí)近平強(qiáng)調(diào)，要持續(xù)推動(dòng)全黨不忘初心牢記使命。

"We must resolutely remove whatever weakens the Party's advanced nature and undermines the Party's purity, and rid ourselves of any tumor that erodes the Party's health," said Xi, adding that the Party should resolutely guard against all dangers of running counter to the original aspiration and the mission or shaking the foundation of the Party.

他強(qiáng)調(diào)，堅(jiān)決清除一切弱化黨的先進(jìn)性、損害黨的純潔性的因素，堅(jiān)決割除一切滋生在黨的肌體上的毒瘤，堅(jiān)決防范一切違背初心和使命、動(dòng)搖黨的根基的危險(xiǎn)。

【重要講話】

要始終保持奮發(fā)有為的進(jìn)取精神，永葆黨的先進(jìn)性和純潔性，答好新時(shí)代的答卷。

The CPC members should always maintain the enterprising spirit, ensure the Party's purity and advanced nature, and pass the test of the new era.

——2019年9月12日，習(xí)近平視察中共中央北京香山革命紀(jì)念地時(shí)表示

全黨要更加自覺地堅(jiān)定黨性原則，勇于直面問(wèn)題，敢于刮骨療毒，消除一切損害黨的先進(jìn)性和純潔性的因素，清除一切侵蝕黨的健康肌體的病毒，不斷增強(qiáng)黨的政治領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力、思想引領(lǐng)力、群眾組織力、社會(huì)號(hào)召力，確保我們黨永葆旺盛生命力和強(qiáng)大戰(zhàn)斗力。

Every Party member must be more actively involved in enhancing Party consciousness, and demonstrate commitment to Party principles. We must have the courage to face problems squarely, be braced for the pain, act to remove whatever undermines the Party’s purity and advanced nature, and rid ourselves of any virus that erodes the Party’s health. We must keep on strengthening the Party’s ability to lead politically, to guide through theory, to organize the people, and to inspire society, thus ensuring that the Party’s great vitality and strong ability are forever maintained.

——2017年10月18日，習(xí)近平在中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨第十九次全國(guó)代表大會(huì)上的報(bào)告

春運(yùn) Spring Festival travel rush

1月10日，2020年春運(yùn)（the Spring Festival travel rush）正式開啟。今年春運(yùn)，預(yù)計(jì)全國(guó)旅客發(fā)送量將達(dá)到約30億人次。

From Jan 10 to Feb 18, the total number of trips is likely to hit 3 billion, slightly up from the travel rush last year, with an 8-percent growth in train trips, 8.4-percent increase in air trips and 9.6-percent hike in waterway trips, according to a forecast from the National Development and Reform Commission.國(guó)家發(fā)改委表示，今年春運(yùn)從1月10日持續(xù)至2月18日，預(yù)計(jì)全國(guó)旅客發(fā)送量將達(dá)到約30億人次，鐵路旅客同比增長(zhǎng)8%，民航增長(zhǎng)8.4%，水路旅客增長(zhǎng)9.6%。

Due to the continued expansion in high-speed railway operational length, the number of road trips is expected to decline to 2.43 billion.由于高鐵運(yùn)營(yíng)里程不斷增加，今年的陸路旅客量預(yù)計(jì)將下降至24.3億人次。

今年的春運(yùn)，我們迎來(lái)了電子客票、反向春運(yùn)優(yōu)惠等一系列新變化，一起來(lái)看一看吧！

高鐵實(shí)行電子客票

電子客票的運(yùn)用是今年春運(yùn)的一大亮點(diǎn)，更多旅客將不再需要換取紙質(zhì)車票，直接通過(guò)刷手機(jī)或身份證進(jìn)站乘車。

All high-speed railway stations will allow passengers to use electronic tickets. According to China State Railway Co, as of Thursday, passengers can check in without paper tickets at 1,020 railway stations across the country.所有高鐵車站均允許旅客使用電子客票。國(guó)鐵集團(tuán)表示，截至1月10日，全國(guó)共有1020個(gè)火車站實(shí)現(xiàn)電子客票檢票進(jìn)站。

反向春運(yùn)有優(yōu)惠

近幾年，“反向春運(yùn)（reverse Spring Festival travel）”的熱度持續(xù)提升，更多的年輕人將老家的父母接來(lái)自己工作的城市過(guò)年。

Rail authorities are offering discount tickets to encourage more passengers to travel against the flow during the travel rush, easing transportation pressure.鐵路部門提供折扣票價(jià)，鼓勵(lì)旅客在春節(jié)期間“反向”出行，緩解交通壓力。

北京大興國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)迎首個(gè)春運(yùn)

2019年9月正式投運(yùn)的大興國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)也即將迎來(lái)首個(gè)春運(yùn)的考驗(yàn)。

The Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) said on Thursday that the airport, which started operation in late September last year, will see 1.9 million travelers during the 40-day festival rush, and the daily number of flights could hit 312, up 15 percent from normal.民航總局1月10日表示，去年9月正式投運(yùn)的大興國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)在為期40天的春運(yùn)期間將迎來(lái)旅客190萬(wàn)人次，每日航班數(shù)將達(dá)到312個(gè)，比平日增加15%。

省界收費(fèi)站全部取消

從2020年1月1日零時(shí)起，全國(guó)29個(gè)聯(lián)網(wǎng)省份的487個(gè)省界收費(fèi)站（toll stations at provincial boundaries of national expressways）全部取消。

Use of electronic toll-collection devices will improve traffic efficiency at toll gates.電子收費(fèi)設(shè)備的使用將提升收費(fèi)站的通行效率。

兒童乘車優(yōu)惠可看年齡

2020年1月1日起施行的《關(guān)于深化道路運(yùn)輸價(jià)格改革的意見》中明確，符合條件的兒童乘坐客運(yùn)班車享受免費(fèi)乘車或者客票半價(jià)優(yōu)待。在兒童身高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)基礎(chǔ)上，增加以年齡為依據(jù)的兒童票、免票劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

具體條件為：每一成人旅客可攜帶1名6周歲(含6周歲)以下或者身高1.2米(含1.2米)以下、且不單獨(dú)占用座位的兒童免費(fèi)乘車（children who are under 6 years old and don't need separate seats can take public transport for free），需單獨(dú)占用座位或者超過(guò)1名時(shí)超過(guò)的人數(shù)執(zhí)行客票半價(jià)優(yōu)待，并提供座位；6～14周歲或者身高為1.2～1.5米的兒童乘車執(zhí)行客票半價(jià)優(yōu)待（eligible for half-price policy），并提供座位。

國(guó)家最高科學(xué)技術(shù)獎(jiǎng) the State Preeminent Science and Technology Award

President Xi Jinping presented the State Preeminent Science and Technology Award, China’s top scientific honor, to nuclear submarine designer Huang Xuhua and atmospheric physicist Zeng Qingcun at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on Friday.1月10日，國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平在人民大會(huì)堂向核潛艇設(shè)計(jì)師黃旭華和大氣物理學(xué)家曾慶存頒發(fā)國(guó)家最高科學(xué)技術(shù)獎(jiǎng)。

【重要講話】

我國(guó)廣大科技工作者要把握大勢(shì)、搶占先機(jī)，直面問(wèn)題、迎難而上，瞄準(zhǔn)世界科技前沿，引領(lǐng)科技發(fā)展方向，肩負(fù)起歷史賦予的重任，勇做新時(shí)代科技創(chuàng)新的排頭兵，努力建設(shè)世界科技強(qiáng)國(guó)。

Science and technology personnel should grasp the main trends, seize opportunities, face problems squarely, and rise to challenges. They should aim for the frontiers of science and technology, lead the direction of its development, shoulder the heavy responsibilities bestowed by history, and be vanguards in innovation in the new era, in order to build China into a powerhouse of science and technology.

——2018年5月28日，習(xí)近平出席中國(guó)科學(xué)院第十九次院士大會(huì)、中國(guó)工程院第十四次院士大會(huì)并發(fā)表重要講話

家用電器安全使用年限 standard life spans for home appliances

China unveiled its first set of standard life spans for home appliances on Friday to fend off safety risks and promote energy consciousness.1月10日，我國(guó)發(fā)布了首套家用電器安全使用年限，以消除安全隱患，提高人們的節(jié)能意識(shí)。

《家用電器安全使用年限》系列標(biāo)準(zhǔn)從安全使用年限要求（standard life span）、正常使用條件（standard operating conditions）和消費(fèi)提醒信息（alert notification）三方面進(jìn)行規(guī)范。

家用電冰箱（refrigerators）&葡萄酒柜（wine cabinets）、房間空調(diào)器（air conditioners）的安全使用年限為10年，家用洗衣機(jī)（washing machines）&干衣機(jī)（dryers）、吸油煙機(jī)（range hoods）、家用燃?xì)庠睿╣as cookers）的安全使用年限為8年。

The standard life span of air conditioners starts from date of production, and that of other home appliances from date of sale.

空調(diào)安全使用年限從生產(chǎn)日期計(jì)起，其余從銷售日期計(jì)起。

為什么要設(shè)定安全使用年限？

家電“超期服役”時(shí)，不僅能耗顯著提升，而且存在較大安全隱患。

The use of electrical home appliances past life expectancy will increase energy consumption and safety risks.使用超過(guò)安全使用年限的家電會(huì)增加能耗以及安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

An expected 160 million units of electrical home appliances will expire in 2020.據(jù)估算，僅2020年就將有1.6億臺(tái)家電到期。

國(guó)家發(fā)展改革委產(chǎn)業(yè)司巡視員王東說(shuō)，

The move will help raise consumers' awareness for safety and energy conservation, and put more new models on the market as well.此舉不但能幫助提升消費(fèi)者的安全意識(shí)和節(jié)能意識(shí)，同時(shí)還有利于家電新產(chǎn)品進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)。

匯率操縱國(guó) currency manipulator

1月13日，美國(guó)財(cái)政部公布半年度匯率政策報(bào)告，取消對(duì)中國(guó)“匯率操縱國(guó)”的認(rèn)定。

In its semiannual Report on Macroeconomic and Foreign Exchange Policies of Major Trading Partners of the United States, the Treasury Department said no major US trading partner at this time met the relevant legislative criteria for currency manipulation.美國(guó)財(cái)政部發(fā)布的《主要貿(mào)易伙伴的宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)和外匯政策》半年報(bào)告指出，目前，美國(guó)主要的貿(mào)易伙伴中，無(wú)一符合匯率操縱國(guó)法定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】

根據(jù)美國(guó)對(duì)“匯率操縱國(guó)（currency manipulator）”最新的認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，當(dāng)一國(guó)在過(guò)去四個(gè)季度滿足以下三個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)會(huì)被認(rèn)定為“匯率操縱國(guó)”：1.對(duì)美國(guó)貿(mào)易順差超過(guò)200億美元（a bilateral trade surplus of $20 billion or more with the US）；2.經(jīng)常賬戶順差占GDP比重超過(guò)2%（a current account surplus of 2 percent or more of its gross domestic product）；3.單邊匯率干預(yù)持續(xù)時(shí)長(zhǎng)超過(guò)6個(gè)月（one-sided intervention in foreign exchange markets for more than 6 months）。

如果一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)體滿足三個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，則被認(rèn)定為“匯率操縱國(guó)”；如果只滿足兩個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，會(huì)被列入觀察名單（monitoring list）；如果只滿足第一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，但該經(jīng)濟(jì)體對(duì)美國(guó)的總體貿(mào)易逆差貢獻(xiàn)較大，也可能被列入觀察名單。

美國(guó)財(cái)政部去年8月宣布將中國(guó)列為“匯率操縱國(guó)”，遭到中方、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)界和權(quán)威國(guó)際機(jī)構(gòu)的普遍反對(duì)。

Mark Sobel, US chairman of the Official Monetary and Financial Institutions Forum, an independent think tank, said on Twitter that this is "good news," calling the designation "blatant" and "errant" political act. "China shouldn't have been designated to start with," said Sobel, who was served as deputy assistant secretary at the US Treasury Department. He noted China's current account surplus is small as a share of GDP, and there is "scant intervention."前美國(guó)財(cái)政部官員、官方貨幣與金融機(jī)構(gòu)論壇主席馬克·索貝爾在推特上表示，美國(guó)財(cái)政部此舉是“好消息”，中國(guó)從一開始就不應(yīng)被認(rèn)定為“匯率操縱國(guó)”，中國(guó)經(jīng)常賬戶順差占國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比重較小，幾乎不構(gòu)成干涉，美國(guó)政府此前的認(rèn)定是“錯(cuò)誤的政治行為”。

強(qiáng)基計(jì)劃 plan for strengthening basic academic disciplines

China has moved to step up the cultivation of innovative talent in certain basic academic disciplines such as mathematics and physics by launching a pilot enrollment scheme at more than 30 select universities, including Peking and Tsinghua, according to a guideline unveiled by the Ministry of Education Wednesday.為了加強(qiáng)數(shù)學(xué)、物理等基礎(chǔ)學(xué)科創(chuàng)新人才的培養(yǎng)，教育部1月15日發(fā)出通知，將在包括北京大學(xué)、清華大學(xué)在內(nèi)的30多所選定高校開展招生試點(diǎn)。

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】

根據(jù)教育部《關(guān)于在部分高校開展基礎(chǔ)學(xué)科招生改革試點(diǎn)工作的意見》（也稱“強(qiáng)基計(jì)劃”plan for strengthening basic academic disciplines），這一計(jì)劃主要選拔有志于服務(wù)國(guó)家重大戰(zhàn)略需求且綜合素質(zhì)優(yōu)秀或基礎(chǔ)學(xué)科拔尖的學(xué)生（students who are interested in serving the country's major strategic needs and at the same time have excellent comprehensive qualities or excel in basic discipline studies）。由有關(guān)高校結(jié)合自身辦學(xué)特色，重點(diǎn)在數(shù)學(xué)（mathematics）、物理（physics）、化學(xué)（chemistry）、生物（biology）及歷史（history）、哲學(xué)（philosophy）、古文字學(xué)（study of ancient characters）等相關(guān)專業(yè)招生。

教育部將遴選部分高校開展這一試點(diǎn)。起步階段，遴選部分“一流大學(xué)”建設(shè)高校開展試點(diǎn)。

招生辦法

在招生選拔模式上，將探索建立基于統(tǒng)一高考的多維度考核評(píng)價(jià)學(xué)生的招生模式。

Students will be able to sign up for the plan in April. After they take the national college entrance exam (or gaokao) in early June, the 36 universities will release the list of students qualifying for the plan based on their gaokao scores. The ministry said they should then give those students written and physical tests and interviews before releasing final enrollment lists by July 5.學(xué)生可在4月份報(bào)名“強(qiáng)基計(jì)劃”；6月初高考結(jié)束后，參與該計(jì)劃的36所高校將根據(jù)高考成績(jī)確定入圍學(xué)生名單；之后，高校組織對(duì)入圍學(xué)生進(jìn)行筆試、口試及體檢等考核，并在7月5日前公布錄取名單。

培養(yǎng)模式

高校對(duì)通過(guò)“強(qiáng)基計(jì)劃”錄取的學(xué)生單獨(dú)制定培養(yǎng)方案。

Students admitted through the plan will be put in small, independent classes, with the best teaching resources and learning environment. Top performers will be given preferential treatment in pursuing postgraduate studies, government sponsored overseas study and scholarships, it said.通過(guò)“強(qiáng)基計(jì)劃”錄取的學(xué)生進(jìn)行獨(dú)立小班教學(xué)，配備優(yōu)質(zhì)教學(xué)資源及學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境。對(duì)學(xué)業(yè)優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生，高校可在免試推薦研究生、公派留學(xué)、獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金等方面予以優(yōu)先安排。

Students under the plan are not supposed to transfer to majors in other academic disciplines.通過(guò)“強(qiáng)基計(jì)劃”錄取的學(xué)生入校后原則上不得轉(zhuǎn)到相關(guān)學(xué)科之外的專業(yè)就讀。

2020年起，不再組織開展高校自主招生（independent enrollment）工作。

中美第一階段經(jīng)貿(mào)協(xié)議 China-US phase-one economic and trade agreement

當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間1月15日，美國(guó)總統(tǒng)特朗普在白宮橢圓形辦公室會(huì)見中共中央政治局委員、國(guó)務(wù)院副總理、中美全面經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話中方牽頭人劉鶴，雙方共同出席中美第一階段經(jīng)貿(mào)協(xié)議簽署儀式。

Speaking at the signing ceremony, Liu first conveyed a message of Chinese President Xi Jinping to Trump.劉鶴首先轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)習(xí)近平主席致特朗普總統(tǒng)的口信。

The conclusion of the phase-one economic and trade agreement is good for China, for the United States and for the whole world, Xi said in the message read out by the vice premier.

習(xí)近平在口信中指出，中美達(dá)成第一階段經(jīng)貿(mào)協(xié)議，有利于中美兩國(guó)，有利于世界。

"It also shows that our two countries have the ability to act on the basis of equality and mutual respect, and work through dialogue and consultation to properly handle and effectively resolve relevant issues," read the message.

這也說(shuō)明，中美雙方完全可以在平等和相互尊重的基礎(chǔ)上，通過(guò)對(duì)話磋商找到有關(guān)問(wèn)題的妥善處理和有效解決辦法。

In the next step, the two sides need to implement the agreement in real earnest and optimize its positive impact, so as to make even greater progress in China-U.S. trade and economic cooperation, the Chinese president said.

下一步，雙方要把協(xié)議落到實(shí)處，發(fā)揮積極效應(yīng)，推動(dòng)中美經(jīng)貿(mào)合作取得更大進(jìn)展。

To maintain healthy and steady growth of China-U.S. relations serves the interest of both countries and requires joint efforts from both sides, Xi said.

保持中美關(guān)系健康穩(wěn)定發(fā)展，符合雙方利益，需要雙方共同作出努力。

In that spirit, Xi voiced hope that the U.S. side will treat fairly Chinese companies and their regular economic, trade and investment activities, and give support to the collaboration between enterprises, research institutes, and schools and colleges of the two countries, as it will help enhance mutual trust and cooperation between the two sides.

本著這一精神，希望美方公平對(duì)待中國(guó)企業(yè)正常經(jīng)貿(mào)和投資活動(dòng)，支持兩國(guó)企業(yè)、科研機(jī)構(gòu)、學(xué)校開展合作，促進(jìn)中美互信與合作。

"China is prepared to work with the United States in that direction. And I will stay in close touch with you personally," Xi said. "I believe that under our guidance, China-U.S. relations will deliver more results and bring greater benefits to our peoples in the year ahead."

中方愿與美方相向而行。我愿與你保持密切聯(lián)系，相信在我們共同引領(lǐng)下，中美關(guān)系在新的一年能夠給兩國(guó)人民帶來(lái)更多利益和實(shí)惠。

付費(fèi)測(cè)試 paywall trial

1月15日，騰訊微信團(tuán)隊(duì)宣布，微信正灰度測(cè)試訂閱號(hào)付費(fèi)能力，符合條件的運(yùn)營(yíng)者可以前往公眾平臺(tái)開通付費(fèi)功能。

Some official accounts will be able to charge readers for original content, WeChat said. The content creators can price articles from 1 yuan to 208 yuan, and WeChat will not take a cut on the revenues during the trial period.微信團(tuán)隊(duì)表示，部分公眾平臺(tái)可以對(duì)原創(chuàng)稿件開通付費(fèi)功能，運(yùn)營(yíng)者可在1-208元之間的價(jià)格檔位選擇合適的定價(jià)，測(cè)試期間微信方面不會(huì)從中分成。

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】

目前，不少國(guó)外新聞網(wǎng)站都有收費(fèi)墻（paywall）閱讀系統(tǒng)。

There are both "hard" and "soft" paywalls in use. "Hard" paywalls allow minimal to no access to content without subscription, while "soft" paywalls allow more flexibility in what users can view without subscribing, such as selective free content and/or a limited number of articles per month, or the sampling of several pages of a book or paragraphs of an article. (Source: Wikipedia)在具體使用中有“硬”收費(fèi)墻和“軟”收費(fèi)墻兩種。“硬”收費(fèi)墻模式下，非訂閱用戶只能看到最少量的網(wǎng)頁(yè)內(nèi)容，或甚至無(wú)法看到網(wǎng)頁(yè)內(nèi)容；而“軟”收費(fèi)墻模式對(duì)用戶可見內(nèi)容的限制則更加靈活，比如，每月允許用戶查看精選的一些免費(fèi)內(nèi)容或免費(fèi)查看一定數(shù)量的文章，或者允許讀者查看某本書的幾頁(yè)內(nèi)容或某篇文章的幾段內(nèi)容。

微信此次測(cè)試的付費(fèi)功能也類似于“收費(fèi)墻”功能。

WeChat bloggers, whose official accounts have been in operation for more than three months and who have published at least three original pieces of content without violations of community rules for three months, are eligible for paywall trial.注冊(cè)超過(guò)3個(gè)月、近3個(gè)月內(nèi)無(wú)嚴(yán)重違規(guī)記錄、已發(fā)表至少3篇原創(chuàng)文章的訂閱號(hào)可以開通付費(fèi)功能。

運(yùn)營(yíng)者可對(duì)原創(chuàng)文章的部分或全部?jī)?nèi)容設(shè)置收費(fèi)（charge for the whole post or part of the post）。用戶未付費(fèi)前，可免費(fèi)閱讀前言和試讀部分，留言只可查看。付費(fèi)后才可以閱讀全文，寫留言（users can read the whole post and write comment after payment）。

付費(fèi)文章僅付費(fèi)用戶可查看，其它用戶無(wú)論從什么途徑獲得文章，都需要購(gòu)買后才能閱讀。目前，付費(fèi)功能僅對(duì)單篇文章提供閱讀付費(fèi)能力（the paywall feature only applies to inpidual posts at present）。

Accounts run by media organizations, governments and companies will be excluded from the official trials.媒體和政府、企業(yè)帳號(hào)暫不支持測(cè)試付費(fèi)閱讀。

同時(shí)，付費(fèi)文章暫時(shí)不支持使用贊賞功能（the reward function will be closed for paid content）。

看到這條新聞，網(wǎng)友們反應(yīng)不一。有人表示，那我以后就不看了，還能少玩會(huì)兒手機(jī)。也有網(wǎng)友表示，支持知識(shí)付費(fèi)。

千年胞波情誼 millennia-old pauk-phaw friendship

A signed article by President Xi Jinping titled "Writing a New Chapter in Our Millennia-Old Pauk-Phaw Friendship" was published Thursday on three Myanmese newspapers ahead of his state visit to this Southeast Asian country.1月16日，在對(duì)緬甸聯(lián)邦共和國(guó)進(jìn)行國(guó)事訪問(wèn)前夕，國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平在緬甸三家媒體同時(shí)發(fā)表題為《續(xù)寫千年胞波情誼的嶄新篇章》的署名文章。

Xi said it gives him great pleasure to pay a state visit to Myanmar at the invitation of Myanmar's President U Win Myint, and he looks forward to renewing pauk-phaw ties with Myanmar and discussing the future cooperation between the two countries during the visit, according to the article.習(xí)近平在文章中指出，很高興應(yīng)溫敏總統(tǒng)邀請(qǐng)，對(duì)緬甸進(jìn)行國(guó)事訪問(wèn)，期待通過(guò)這次訪問(wèn)，同緬甸朋友共敘“胞波”情誼，共話合作大計(jì)。

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】

在緬語(yǔ)中，“胞波”意為一母同胞的兄弟。兩國(guó)人民自古相親相融，“胞波”情誼源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)。早在公元前4世紀(jì)，我們的祖先就打通了貫穿川滇緬印的“金銀大道”往來(lái)通商。中國(guó)盛唐時(shí)期，緬甸驃國(guó)王子率領(lǐng)舞樂隊(duì)不遠(yuǎn)千里訪問(wèn)長(zhǎng)安，著名詩(shī)人白居易揮毫寫下千古絕唱《驃國(guó)樂》。緬甸在不同社會(huì)制度國(guó)家中第一個(gè)承認(rèn)新中國(guó)。兩國(guó)老一輩領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人身體力行，為中緬關(guān)系發(fā)展傾注了大量心血。

建交70年來(lái)，中緬倡導(dǎo)并踐行和平共處五項(xiàng)原則，始終相互信任，相互尊重，相互支持，樹立了大小國(guó)家平等相待、互利共贏、共同發(fā)展的典范，給兩國(guó)人民帶來(lái)了實(shí)實(shí)在在的利益。

【重要講話】

中緬兩國(guó)有句共同的諺語(yǔ)，“親戚越走越親，朋友越走越近”。站在建交70年的歷史新起點(diǎn)上，我們?cè)竿挼榕笥褦y手努力，推動(dòng)構(gòu)建更為緊密的中緬命運(yùn)共同體，續(xù)寫千年“胞波”情誼的新樂章。

In China and Myanmar, people have similar sayings to the effect that more exchanges will bring families and friends closer together. In this 70th anniversary year, China-Myanmar relations stand at a new starting point. Let us work hand in hand to build an even closer China-Myanmar community with a shared future and write a new chapter for our millennia-old pauk-phaw friendship.

——2020年1月16日，習(xí)近平在緬甸《緬甸之光》、《鏡報(bào)》、《緬甸環(huán)球新光報(bào)》同時(shí)發(fā)表題為《續(xù)寫千年胞波情誼的嶄新篇章》的署名文章

限塑令 plastics ban

《關(guān)于進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)塑料污染治理的意見》1月19日發(fā)布。意見明確，到2020年，率先在部分地區(qū)、部分領(lǐng)域禁止、限制部分塑料制品的生產(chǎn)、銷售和使用。

The document has set step-by-step timelines to reduce the use of single-use, non-degradable plastics and parcel packaging in the next five years .意見列出了未來(lái)五年內(nèi)分步驟減少一次性或不可降解塑料制品以及塑料包裝的時(shí)間安排。

到2022年，一次性塑料制品消費(fèi)量明顯減少（consumption of single-use plastic products will be significantly reduced），替代產(chǎn)品（substitute products）得到推廣，塑料廢棄物資源化能源化利用比例大幅提升；在塑料污染問(wèn)題突出領(lǐng)域和電商、快遞、外賣等新興領(lǐng)域，形成一批可復(fù)制、可推廣的塑料減量和綠色物流模式。

The use of nondegradable plastic bags, for example, is expected to vanish in some major consuming sectors, including shopping malls, supermarkets and restaurant takeout services, first in metropolises by the end of this year and then in all major Chinese cities and all urban areas in coastal regions by the end of 2022.到2020年底，大型城市的商場(chǎng)、超市、以及餐飲打包外賣服務(wù)等，禁止使用不可降解塑料袋；到2022年底，實(shí)施范圍擴(kuò)大至全部地級(jí)以上城市建成區(qū)和沿海地區(qū)縣城建成區(qū)。

Non-degradable single-use plastic straws will be banned by the end of 2020, while non-degradable single-use plastic tableware will be banned from dining-in in cities. By the end of 2022, the ban on plastic tableware will be extended to dining-in in counties.到2020年底，全國(guó)范圍餐飲行業(yè)禁止使用不可降解一次性塑料吸管；城市餐飲堂食服務(wù)，禁止使用不可降解一次性塑料餐具。到2022年底，縣城餐飲堂食服務(wù)，禁止使用不可降解一次性塑料餐具。

到2025年，塑料制品生產(chǎn)、流通、消費(fèi)和回收處置等環(huán)節(jié)的管理制度基本建立（establish a complete plastics management system），多元共治體系基本形成，替代產(chǎn)品開發(fā)應(yīng)用水平進(jìn)一步提升（make progress in the development of substitute products），重點(diǎn)城市塑料垃圾填埋量大幅降低（significantly reduce the amount of plastic waste going to landfills），塑料污染得到有效控制（bring plastic pollution under effective control）。

By the end of 2025, the use of non-degradable single-use plastic tableware for take-out in cities should be cut by 30 percent, according to the document.到2025年，城市餐飲外賣領(lǐng)域不可降解一次性塑料餐具消耗強(qiáng)度下降30%。

Moreover, all hotels and guesthouses should stop using single-use plastic wares by 2025, while postal and express service outlets should cease using non-degradable plastic packaging, plastic tape and single-use plastic woven bags.到2025年底，賓館、酒店等場(chǎng)所不再主動(dòng)提供一次性塑料用品；全國(guó)范圍郵政快遞網(wǎng)點(diǎn)禁止使用不可降解的塑料包裝袋、塑料膠帶、一次性塑料編織袋等。

新型冠狀病毒 novel coronavirus

近期，湖北省武漢市等多個(gè)地區(qū)發(fā)生新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎疫情。

截至1月21日24時(shí)，國(guó)家衛(wèi)健委收到國(guó)內(nèi)13個(gè)省（區(qū)、市）累計(jì)報(bào)告新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎確診病例440例（440 confirmed cases of pneumonia caused by the novel coronavirus），報(bào)告死亡病例累計(jì)9例，新增3例，全部為湖北病例。

報(bào)告新增冠狀病毒感染的肺炎確診病例149例，收到日本通報(bào)確診病例1例，泰國(guó)通報(bào)確診病例3例，韓國(guó)通報(bào)確診病例1例。

目前，追蹤到的密切接觸者2197人（2197 close contacts），已解除醫(yī)學(xué)觀察765人，尚有1394人正在接受醫(yī)學(xué)觀察（1394 under medical observation）。

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】

冠狀病毒（coronavirus）是一類主要引起呼吸道、腸道疾病（respiratory and intestinal diseases）的病原體。這類病毒顆粒的表面有許多規(guī)則排列的突起（a fringe of bulbous surface projections ），整個(gè)病毒顆粒就像一頂?shù)弁醯幕使冢╮oyal crown），因此得名“冠狀病毒”。冠狀病毒除人類以外，還可感染豬、牛、貓、犬、貂、駱駝、蝙蝠、老鼠、刺猬等多種哺乳動(dòng)物以及多種鳥類（mammals and birds）。

【關(guān)于新型冠狀病毒】

2019-nCoV, as it's been labelled, is understood to be a new strain of coronavirus that has not previously been identified in humans.這種新型冠狀病毒（2019-nCoV）此前未在人類身上發(fā)現(xiàn)過(guò)。

Coronaviruses are a broad family of viruses, but only six (the new one would make it seven) are known to infect people.冠狀病毒是一個(gè)龐大的病毒家族，目前已知會(huì)感染人類的有六種（新發(fā)現(xiàn)的這種是第七種）。

Scientists believe an animal source is "the most likely primary source" but that some human-to-human transmission has occurred.科學(xué)家認(rèn)為動(dòng)物是“最有可能的初始感染源”，不過(guò)，也有一些人傳人的病例。

Signs of infection include respiratory symptoms, fever, cough, shortness of breath and breathing difficulties.感染癥狀包括：呼吸道癥狀，發(fā)燒，咳嗽，呼吸短促，呼吸困難等。

（以上信息來(lái)源于世界衛(wèi)生組織）

疫情發(fā)生后，黨中央、國(guó)務(wù)院高度重視。

中共中央總書記、國(guó)家主席、中央軍委主席習(xí)近平作出重要指示，湖北武漢市等地近期陸續(xù)發(fā)生新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎疫情，必須引起高度重視，全力做好防控工作。

The prevention and control work is crucial at the moment due to the large passenger flows during the Spring Festival holiday, Xi said.

目前正值春節(jié)期間，人員大范圍密集流動(dòng)，做好疫情防控工作十分緊要。

The Party committees and governments at all levels must put people's safety and health as the top priority and take effective measures to curb the spread of the virus, he said.

各級(jí)黨委和政府及有關(guān)部門要把人民群眾生命安全和身體健康放在第一位，采取切實(shí)有效措施，堅(jiān)決遏制疫情蔓延勢(shì)頭。

Xi ordered all-out efforts to treat patients, identify the causes of the virus infection and spread at an earlier date, strengthen monitoring and standardize treatment procedures.

要全力救治患者，盡快查明病毒感染和傳播原因，加強(qiáng)病例監(jiān)測(cè)，規(guī)范處置流程。

Xi spoke of the need for the timely release of information and the deepening of international cooperation.

要及時(shí)發(fā)布疫情信息，深化國(guó)際合作。

He also stressed the necessity of informing the public of relevant policies to safeguard social stability and ensure people have a peaceful and auspicious Chinese New Year festival.

要加強(qiáng)有關(guān)政策措施宣傳解讀工作，堅(jiān)決維護(hù)社會(huì)大局穩(wěn)定，確保人民群眾度過(guò)一個(gè)安定祥和的新春佳節(jié)。

中共中央政治局常委、國(guó)務(wù)院總理李克強(qiáng)作出批示，

Li instructed related government departments and localities to improve response plans and spare no effort in prevention and control in this regard.各相關(guān)部門和地方要完善應(yīng)對(duì)方案，全力以赴做好防控工作。

He also demanded better communication and coordination with the World Health Organization, related countries, as well as Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan to join efforts to curb the spread of the virus.

做好與世界衛(wèi)生組織、有關(guān)國(guó)家和港澳臺(tái)地區(qū)的溝通協(xié)調(diào)，密切協(xié)作形成合力，堅(jiān)決防止疫情擴(kuò)散蔓延。

China has issued a temporary reimbursement policy to make sure patients with pneumonia caused by the novel coronavirus will receive timely and thorough treatment.

我國(guó)出臺(tái)臨時(shí)報(bào)銷政策以確保新型冠狀病毒感染肺炎患者能得到及時(shí)、徹底的治療。

【單詞講解】

Reimbursement指“償付；報(bào)銷”，常用的搭配是reimbursement for... expenses，比如： reimbursement for medical expenses（醫(yī)療費(fèi)用報(bào)銷），reimbursement fo travel expenses（出行費(fèi)用報(bào)銷）等。

國(guó)家醫(yī)保局有關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人表示，確診新型冠狀病毒感染肺炎患者的特殊報(bào)銷政策具體為：

一是將國(guó)家衛(wèi)生健康委《新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎診療方案》覆蓋的藥品和醫(yī)療服務(wù)項(xiàng)目，全部臨時(shí)納入醫(yī)保基金支付范圍（expenses from medicines and medical services needed for treating the pneumonia will be completely covered by medical insurance funds）。

二是保證及時(shí)支付患者費(fèi)用，特別是發(fā)揮醫(yī)療救助資金的兜底保障作用（make full use of the medical assistance fund to ensure that medical bills of pneumonia patients are paid in time），打消患者就醫(yī)顧慮。對(duì)異地就醫(yī)患者先救治后結(jié)算，報(bào)銷不再執(zhí)行異地轉(zhuǎn)外就醫(yī)支付比例調(diào)減規(guī)定，減少患者流動(dòng)帶來(lái)的傳染風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

三是對(duì)集中收治的醫(yī)院，醫(yī)保部門將預(yù)付資金減輕醫(yī)院墊付壓力（medical insurance departments will pay for expenses incurred in the treatment of the disease in advance to lessen financial pressures on hospitals），患者醫(yī)療費(fèi)用不再納入醫(yī)院總額預(yù)算控制指標(biāo)。

（中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津 Helen）

來(lái)源：中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)

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