前沿拓展：

（一）常用的檢測方法

　　集成電路常用的檢測方法有在線測量法、非在線測量法和代換法。

　　1.非在線測量 非在線測量潮在集成電路未焊入電路時，通過測量其各引腳之間的直流電阻值與已知正常同型號集成電路各引腳之間的直流電阻值進行對比，以確定其是否正常。

　　2.在線測量 在線測量法是利用電壓測量法、電阻測量法及電流測量法等，通過在電路上測量集成電路的各引腳電壓值、電阻值和電流值是否正常，來判斷該集成電路是否損壞。

　　3.代換法 代換法是用已知完好的同型號、同規(guī)格集成電路來代換被測集成電路，可以判斷出該集成電路是否損壞。

160種開關(guān)電源集成電路代換表

本表收集整理了彩電LG、SVA、TCL、長虹、春蘭、創(chuàng)維、東芝、飛利浦、福日、高路華、海爾、海信、金星、康佳、康力、樂華、日立、三星、三洋、松下、索尼、夏普、廈華、熊貓等二十四個機種的160種開關(guān)電源集成電路的代換資料，含蓋了2000多種機型的開關(guān)電源的集成電路。

本表所列開關(guān)電源集成電路以26個英文字母順序為序，便于速查。

型 號

代 換 型 號

56A245-2

STR440, STR441, STR446

56A246

IX0256CE, IX0512CE, IX0465CE, IX0654CE, STR40090, STR41090, HKD41090

BU4020B

HA17555PS, HA17555, HA17555GS, HD14020B

HA17555

HA17555PS, BU4020B, HA17555GS, HD14020B

HA17555GS

HA17555, HA17555PS, BU4020B, HD14020B

HA17555PS

BU4020B, HA17555, HA17555GS, HD14020B

HD14020B

HA17555, HA17555PS, HA17555GS, BU4020B

HG5312

STR5314, STR5395, STR5412, STR5418, HG5313, HKD5412, KWY5412

HG5412

STR5312, STR454, STR5313, STR5314, STR5395, STR5418

HG5313

STR5314, STR5395, STR5412, STR5418, HG5312, HD5412, KWY5412

HKD0689

STK7358, IX9689CE, IX0689CK

HKD40115

STR40115, STR4412, STR50103, STR50103A, STR50115B

HKD41090

IX0256CE, IX0512CE, IX0465CE, IX0654CE

HKD4211

STR4211, STR4211H, STR4060, STR4090, STR4090S

HKD54041

STR54041, STR58041, STR59041, KWY54041

HKD6020

STR6020, STR6020S

HKD9502

STR450A, STR451, STR452, STR454, STR455, STR456, STR514, IX0205CE

HM7941

HRL7101, HM7103, HRL7103

HM8801G

KM8901A, KM8901, KM8916, KM8951B, KM8951, KC8801G

HM9101

HM9102, HRL9102, HRL201

HM9102

HM9101, HRL9102, HRL201

HM7103

HRL7101, HRL7103, HM7941

HM9201

HM9203, HM9204, HM9205, HM9206, HM9207

HM9203

HM9201, HM9205, HM9206, HM9207

HM9204

HM9203, HM9205, HM9206, HM9207

HM9205

HM9201, HM9203, HM9204, HM9206, HM9207

HRL201

HM7941, HRL7101

HRL7103

HRL7101, HM7103, HM7941

HRL9102

HM9101, HM9102, HRL201

HSY114

JU0003, JU0008, JU0086, JU0111,JU0114, JU0116, JU0130

HRL7101

HM7103, HRL7103, HM7941

IX0247CE

STR4090, IX0323CE

IX0205CE

STR4501A, STR451, STR452, STR454, STR453, STR456, STR514, HKD9502

IX0256CE

IX0512CE, IX0465CE, IX0645CE, STR41090, STR40090

IX0308

IX0308C, IX0308CE, IX0308CEZZ, STK7308, STK7309

IX0308C

IX0308, IX0308CE, IX0308CEZZ, STK7308, STK7309

IX0308CE

IX0308, IXO308C, IX0308CEZZ, STK7308, STK7309

IX0308CEZZ

IX0308, IX0308C, STK7308, STK7309

IX0323CE

STR4090, IX0247CE

IX0387CE

STR7308

IX0465CE

IX0512CE, IX0645CE, STR41090, STR40090, 56A246, HKD41090

IX0467CE

STK4060, STK4090, STK4090S, STR4060, STR4090, STR4090S

IX0512CE

IX0256CE, IX0465CE, IX0645CE, STR41090, STR40090

IX0645CE

IX0256CE, IX0512CE, IX0465CE, STR41010, STR40090, 56A246, HKD41090

IX0689CE

STR7358, IX0689CEZZ, STK73508, STK7359

IX0689CEZZ

STK7358, IX0689CE, STK73508, STK7359

IX0689CK

STK7358, HKD0689, IX0689CE

JU0003

JU0008, JU0086, JU0111, JU0114, JU0116, JU0130, HSY114

JU0008

JU0003, JU0086, JU0111, JU0114, JU0116, JU0130, HSY114

JU0086

JU0003, JU0008, JU0111, JU0114, JU0116, JU0130, HSY114

JU0111

JU0003, JU0008, JU0086, JU0114, JU0116, JU0130, HSY114

JU0114

JU0003, JU0008, JU0086, JU0111, JU0116, JU0130, HSY114

JU0116

JU0003, JU0008, JU0086, JU0111, JU0114, JU0130, HSY114

JU0130

JU0003, JU0008, JU0086, JU0111, JU0114, JU0116, HSY114

KG8801G

KM8801G, KM8901A, KM8901, KM8910, KM8951B

KM8901

KM8801G, KM8901A, KM8916, KM8951B, KM8951, KG8801G

KM8901A

KM8801G, KM8901, KM8916, KM8951B, KM8951, KG8801G

KM8916

KM8801G, KM8901A, KM8901, KM8951B, KM8951, KG8801G

KM8951

KM8801G, KM8901A, KM8901, KM8916, KM8951B, KG8801G

KM8951B

KM8801G, KM8901A, KM8901, KM8916, KM8951, KG8801G

KWY54041

STR54041, STR59041, STR58041, HKD54041

KWY5412

STR5314, STR5395, STR5412, STR5418, HG5312, HG5313, HKD5412

LA5110

LA5112

LA5112

LA5112H, LA5112N

LA5112H

LA5112, LA5112N

LA5112N

LA5112, LA5112H

MC33066

MC34067

MC34067

MC33066

MC3520

UC3520

MC44603

MC44603A, MC44603P

MC44603A

MC44603, MC44603P

STK4060

IX4067CE, STK4090, STK4090S, STR4060, STR4090, STR4090S

STK4090

IX0467CE, STK4060, STK4090S, STR4060, STR4090, STR4090S

STK5325

STK5326

STK5326

STK5325

STK5338

STK5340

STK5372

STK5372H, STK5471

STK5372H

STK5372, STK5471

STK5391

STK5392

STK5471

STK5372, STK5372H

STK73010

STK7308, IX0308CE, STK7309, STK7310

STK7308

IX0308CE, STK7309, STK73010, STK7310

STK7309

STK7308, IX0308CE, STK73010, STK7310

STK7310

STK7308, IX0308CE, STK7309, STK73010

STK73508

STK7358, IX0689CE, IX0689CEZZ, STK7359

STK7358

IX0689CE, IX0689CEZZ, STK73508, STK7359

STK4090S

IX0467CE, STK4060, STK4090, STR4060, STR4090, STR4090S

STR40115B

STR-D4412, STR4015, STR4412, STR50103A, STR50115B, STR50213, STR50213M, STR51213, STR-D4512

STR40090

IX0256CE, IX0512CE, IX0465CE, IX0654CE, STR41090, 56A246, HKD41090

STR4060

IX0467CE, STK4060, STK4090, STK4090S, STR4090, STR4090S

STR4090

IX0467CE, STK4060, STK4090, STK4090S, STR4060, STR4090S

STR4090S

IX0467CE, STK4060, STK4090, STR4060, STR4090, STK4090S

STR41090

IX0256CE, IX0512CE, IX0465CE, IX0645CE, STR40090, 56A246, HKD41090

STR440

56A245-2, STR441, STR442, STR446

STR40115

STR-D4412, STR40115B, STR4412, STR-50103A, STR50115B, STR50213, STR50213M, STR51213, STR-D4512 &nb, sp;

STR4211

STR4211H, STR4060, STR4090, STR4090S, HKD4211

STR4211H

STR4211, STR4060, STR4090, STR4090S, HKD4211

STR441

STR440, STR442, STR446, 56A245-2

STR4412

STR-D4412, STR40115, STR40115B, STR50103A, STR50115B, STR50213, STR50213M, STR51213, STR-D4512

STR442

STR440, STR441, STR446, 55A245-2

STR446

STR440, STR441, STR440, 56A245-2

STR450A

STR451, STR452, STR454, STR455, STR456, STR514, HKD9502, IX0205CE

STR451

STR450A, STR452, STR455, STR456, STR514, HKD9502, IX0205CE

STR452

STR450A, STR451, STR454, STR455, STR456, STR514, HKD9502, IX0205CE

STR454

STR5312, HG5412, STR5313, STR5314, STR5395, STR5418

STR455

STR450A, STR451, STR452, STR455, STR456, STR514, HKD9502, IX0205CE

STR456

STR450A, STR451, STR452, STR455, STR514, HKD9502, IX0205CE

STR50103

STR40115, STR4412, STR50103A, STR50115B, HKD40115

STR50103A

STR40115, STR4412, STR50103, STR50115B, HKD40115

STR50115B

STR40115, STR4412, STR50103, STR50103A, HKD40115

STR50213

STR-D4412, STR40115, STR40115B, STR4412, STR50103A, STR50115B, STR50213M, STR51213, STR-D4512

STR50213M

STR-D4412, STR40115, STR40115B, STR4412, STR50103A, STR50115B, STR50213, STR40115B, STR4412

STR514

STR450A, STR451, STR452, STR455, STR456

STR5312

HG5412, STR454, STR5313, STR5314, STR5395, STR5418

STR5313

STR45312, HG5412, STR454, STR5314, STR5395, STR5418

STR5314

STR5395, STR5412, STR5418, HG5312, HG5313, HKD5412, KWY5412

STR5395

STR5314, STR5412, STR5418, HG5312, HG5313, HKD5412, HWY5412

STR54041

STR58041, STR59041, HWY54041, HKD54041

STR5412

STR5314, STR5395, STR5418, HG5312, HG5313, HKD5412, HWY5412

STR5418

STR5314, STR5395, STR5412, HG5312, HG5313, HKD5412, HWY5412

STR-S6709

STR-S6707, STR-S6708, STR-S6708A

STR51213

STR50213, STR50213M, STR51213M

STR51213M

STR50213, STR50213M, STR51213

STR58041

STR54041, STR59041, KWY54041, HKD54041

STR6020

STR6020S, HKD6020

STR6020S

STR6020, HKD6020

STR6308

STR-S6308

STR-6658

STR-6658B, STR-F6654LF53, STR-6658B

STR-6658B

STR-F6656, STR-F6654LF53, STR6658

STR81145A

STR81145C, STR83145LF55

STR8145C

STR81145A, STR83145LF55

STR83145LF

STR81145A, STR81145C

STR-D1706

STR-D1806, STR-D1706S, STR-D1806FA

STR-D1706S

STR-D1806, STR-D1706, STR-D1806FA

STR-D1806

STR-D1706, STR-D1706S, STR-D1806FA

STR-D1806FA

STR-D1806, STE-D1706, STR-D1706S

STR-D4412

STR40115, STR40115B, STR4412, STR50103A, STR50115B, STR50213, STR50213M, STR51213, STR-D4512

STR-D6008X

STR-D6009E, STR-D6009D

STR-D6009D

STR-D6008X, STR-D6009E

STR-D6009E

STR-D6008X, STR-D6009D

STR-D6601

STR-D6601M

STR-D6601M

STR-D6601

STR-F6626

STR-F6653

STR-F6653

STR-F6626

STR-F6654LF53

STR-F6656, STR-6658, STR-6658B

STR-F6656

STR-F6654LF53, STR-6658, STR-6658B

STR-G5653

STR-G8658

STR-G8658

STR-G5653

STR-S5471

STR-S5941

STR-S5941

STR-S5471

STR-S6707

STR-S6708, STR-S6708A, STR-S6709

STR-S6708

STR-D6709, STR-S6709AN, STR-S6709A

STR-S6708A

STR-S6707, STR-S6708, STR-S6709

STR-S6709

STR-S6708, STR-S6709AN, STR-S6709A

STR-S6709A

STR-S6709, STR-S6708, STR-S6709AN

STR-S6709AN

STR-S6708, STR-S6709, STR-S6709A

　　（二）常用集成電路的檢測

　　1.微處理器集成電路的檢測 微處理器集成電路的關(guān)鍵測試引腳是VDD電源端、RESET復位端、XIN晶振信號輸入端、XOUT晶振信號輸出端及其他各線輸入、輸出端。 在電路測量這些關(guān)鍵腳對地的電阻值和電壓值，看是否與正常值（可從產(chǎn)品電路圖或有關(guān)維修資料中查出）相同。 不同型號微處理器的RESET復位電壓也不相同，有的是低電平復位，即在開機瞬間為低電平，復位后維持高電平；有的是高電平復位，即在開關(guān)瞬間為高電平，復位后維持低電平。

　　2.開關(guān)電源集成電路的檢測 開關(guān)電源集成電路的關(guān)鍵腳電壓是電源端（VCC）、激勵脈沖輸出端、電壓檢測輸入端、電流檢測輸入端。測量各引腳對地的電壓值和電阻值，若與正常值相差較大，在其外圍元器件正常的情況下，可以確定是該集成電路已損壞。 內(nèi)置大功率開關(guān)管的厚膜集成電路，還可通過測量開關(guān)管C、B、E極之間的正、反向電阻值，來判斷開關(guān)管是否正常。

　　3.音頻功放集成電路的檢測 檢查音頻功放集成電路時，應先檢測其電源端（正電源端和負電源端）、音頻輸入端、音頻輸出端及反饋端對地的電壓值和電阻值。若測得各引腳的數(shù)據(jù)值與正常值相差較大，其外圍元件與正常，則是該集成電路內(nèi)部損壞。 對引起無聲故障的音頻功放集成電路，測量其電源電壓正常時，可用信號干擾法來檢查。測量時，萬用表應置于R&TImes;1檔，將紅表筆接地，用黑表筆點觸音頻輸入端，正常時揚聲器中應有較強的“喀喀”聲。

　　4.運算放大器集成電路的檢測 用萬用表直流電壓檔，測量運算放大器輸出端與負電源端之間的電壓值（在靜態(tài)時電壓值較高）。用手持金屬鑷子依次點觸運算放大器的兩個輸入端（加入干擾信號），若萬用表表針有較大幅度的擺動，則說明該運算放大器完好；若萬用表表針不動，則說明運算放大器已損壞。

　　5.時基集成電路的檢測 時基集成電路內(nèi)含數(shù)字電路和模擬電路，用萬用表很難直接測出其好壞。可以用測試電路來檢測時基集成電路的好壞。測試電路由阻容元件、發(fā)光二極管LED、6V直流電源、電源開關(guān)S和8腳IC插座組成。將時基集成電路（例如NE555）插信IC插座后，按下電源開關(guān)S，若被測時基集成電路正常，則發(fā)光二極管LED將閃爍發(fā)光；若LED不亮或一直亮，則說明被測時基集成電路性能不良。

拓展知識：